The responsibilities of a project manager

The responsibilities of a project manager

Procedure to Deal with Accident, Emergency and Illness

AWARENESS OF ILLNESSES Common illnesses: †¢Looks pale†¢Dark rings around eyes †¢Quiet or irritable†¢Lost appetite †¢Has a rash or looks flush†¢Appears more tired or lethargic Serious illnesses: †¢Severe bleeding †¢Chocking †¢Unconsciousness†¢Epileptic seizure †¢Suspected fractures†¢Breathing difficulties †¢Head injuries†¢Disorientation ACCIDENT PROCEDURES Immediate action should be taken as follows: †¢Reassure the child †¢Do not move the child unless it is absolutely necessary If children are unconscious they should be put into the recovery position †¢Do not give the child any food or drink †¢Keep the child warm †¢Ensure other children in the area are not at risk of being hurt †¢assistance will be sought from one of the appointed persons responsible for first aid. †¢Parents will be contacted in the event of illness or serious accident. †¢In addition to contacting of parents an ambulance will be called if required. †¢At the close of a serious incident the school should review its handling of the situation to see if there needs to be change to its procedures. Reporting accidents/injuries: Accidents/injuries need to be recorded in the accident books in the first aid box and a letter should be sent to parents. †¢All bumped heads should be recorded and a letter sent to parents. †¢Very serious incidents, e. g. where an ambulance is called need to be recorded on an accident report form, available in the office FIRE EMERGENCY Anyone discovering fire or smoke should raise the alarm by breaking the glass at the nearest alarm point. On hearing the alarm: †¢Direct children to walk quietly to the nearest exit and then walk quietly in single file to the assembly points on the playground. †¢Children will line up in register order. Ensure that the classroom is empty before leaving. †¢Everyone on site, children and adults, must leave by th e nearest exit. †¢Two designated members of staff will check the children's toilets are empty. †¢Classes should stand still and quiet until asked to re-enter the building. †¢School Bursar or Admin Assistant will call the fire brigade and check that the medical room is empty. Admin staff will also unlock the playground gate to allow access for the fire brigade. MISSING CHILD PROCEDURE Child goes missing on the school premises †¢As soon as it is noticed that a child is missing report to the teacher responsible. Responsible teacher will organise a thorough search of the school building and grounds. †¢The register is checked to make sure no other child has also gone astray. †¢Doors and gates are checked to see if there has been a breach of security whereby a child could wander out. †¢If the child is not found, the parent is contacted and the missing child is reported to the police. †¢The responsible teacher contacts the Executive Head Teacher and reports the incident. †¢The Executive Head Teacher, with the Governing Body, carries out an investigation and may come to the setting immediately.Child goes missing on the off school premises: †¢The Group Leader must ensure the safety of remaining pupils. At least two adults must stay with them. †¢One or more adults should immediately start searching for the child. †¢The Visit Leader should contact school to alert them. †¢If the child is not found within 5 minutes, the Group Leader must contact police by telephoning 999. †¢The Group Leader should alert school that the police have been contacted and school will make arrangements to notify parents.

Wellfare Reform Essay - 1590 Words

In the past twenty years, welfare fraud and abuse has become an overwhelming problem. Large numbers of people are living off the government alone, with no attempt of finding work. Our welfare system is out of date and needs to be slimmed down. Congress needs to eliminate the mindset of Americans that welfare can be used as a free ride through life. No matter how liberal or conservative, all politicians agree that welfare costs could be greatly reduced if abuse and fraud were eliminated. Welfare was first introduced in the 20’s as a program to help people get through the depression. The government created many public works jobs to employ the thousands that lost their jobs. At the time it was a great program but seventy-five years†¦show more content†¦Many have said that the current welfare system encourages dependency. They say that the value of welfare benefits is more attractive to many long-term recipients than are entry level, minimum wage jobs. In several states, welfare programs pay recipients the equivalent of a $25,000 a year job. The value of the full benefits of the average welfare recipient exceeds the poverty level ( McCuen/Rector 29). Welfare benefits are tax-free so the dollar value is greater than that of a comparable worker. The following are some prime examples of the abuse that takes place withi n the welfare system. -In 40 states welfare pays more than an $8.00 an hour job. -In 17 states welfare pays more than a $10.00 an hour job. -Hawaii, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, and Washington D.C. pays recipients the equivalent of $12.00 an hour. That’s more than twice minimum wage.(Tanner 18) -9 states pay more than the average first year salary of a teacher last year. -The largest pay off is in New York City where recipients receive $14.75 an hour. With these figures it’s no wonder why people choose to live off the government. Welfare makes their lives too comfortable. The goal of welfare should be to encourage recipients to leave the welfare roles and enter the workforce. 68.6% of welfare recipients report that they aren’t actively seeking work. Why should they? There are plenty ofShow MoreRelatedTo what extent were the decisions made by Germanys leaders responsible for the outbreak of the First World War?895 Words   |  4 PagesGerman leaders were actually responsible for the outbreak and the statement might be true, because if Hollweg knew that the war would be a certain victory, he would certainly be very pro-war, this due to him carrying about German wellfare which can be seen through certain reforms he passed, such as the 1911 imperial insurence code. Norman ( Source 3) does not fully accept the argument that the German army pushed for war, he instead says that the war was collectivly the fault of Great po wers and increasingRead MoreEssay on The Causes of Poverty - Cultural vs. Structural2610 Words   |  11 Pagesissues such as poverty and race. Widely shared cultural values and narratives can also make good social and economic policies politically unviable. Social policies and programs to benefit the poor such as tax in transit, affirmative action and other reforms which have found success in Europe (Wacquant 2008) are ignored and considered unfeasable due to their cultural framing in the U.S. as â€Å"socialism† or â€Å"reverse racism† among political groups such as conservatives and libertarians. This is evident in

Economics Physics Of The Production And Consumption Of...

â€Å"Economics is the study of the production and consumption of goods and the transfer of wealth to produce and obtain those goods† Economics explains how people interact within markets to get what they want or accomplish certain goals. Since economics is a driving force of human interaction, studying it often reveals why people and governments behave in particular ways. Types of Economics: Microeconomics: Micro economics focuses on the actions of individuals and industries, like the dynamics between buyers and sellers, borrowers and lenders. Macroeconomics: Macro economics on the other hand, takes a much broader view by analyzing the economic activity of an entire country or the international marketplace. DEMAND AND SUPPY: The Law of Demand: The law of demand states that, â€Å"if all other factors remain equal, the higher the price of a good, the less people will demand that good†. As such, the higher the value, that bring down the amount requested. The measure of a decent that purchasers buy at a higher cost is less in light of the fact that as the cost of a decent goes up, so does the opportunity expense of purchasing that great. Thus, individuals will regularly abstain from purchasing an item that will drive them to do without the utilization of something else they esteem more. The Law of Supply: Like the law of demand, â€Å"the law of supply demonstrates the quantities that will be sold at a certain price†. In any case dissimilar to the law ofShow MoreRelatedManagerial Economics12384 Words   |  50 Pages|Managerial Economics | | | |UNIT -I | | | |[Pick the date] Read MoreInformation and Communication Technology as Bedrock of the Nation13285 Words   |  54 Pagesthat will propel the country through and beyond the 21st century. This vision policy is therefore designed to underpin the nation’s socio-economic progress and development. It emphasizes the need for a coherent, systematic and comprehensive approach to the determination of technological programmes and their implementation taking into account domestic productions in agriculture and rural development, food security, industrial manufacture, infrastructural services such as information and communicationsRead MoreDesign4939 Words   |  20 Pagesthe entire supply chain during the production, consumption, customer service and post-disposal disposition of products. This is a critical and timely topic that captures increasing concerns over sustainability, whether driven by current legislation, pu blic interest, or competitive opportunity. As such, sustainable development is a rich area for academic research that is still in its infancy and has the potential to affect future government policy, current production operations, and identify new businessRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagesthe resources of our world are to be properly utilized for the enhancement of man’s life, then an understanding of the responsibilities that human beings have to each other and their environment must be developed. Embedded in this portfolio is a wealth of information covering many aspects of science and will therefore play a major part in preparing citizens who can survive in the changing world and contribute to its development. No reader that happens to read this portfolio will leave without gainingRead MoreOperations Management25115 Words   |  101 Pageslabor requirements. True (Global company profile, easy) 2. The production process at Hard Rock Cafà © is limited to meal preparation and serving customers. False (Global company profile, easy) 3. All organizations, including service firms such as banks and hospitals, have a production function. True (What is operations management? moderate) 4. Operations management is the set of activities that create value in the form of goods and services by transforming inputs into outputs. True (What isRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pages978–0–19–928335–4 ISBN 0–19–928336–2 (Pbk.) 978–0–19–928336–1 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 3 FOREWORD ‘ Michael Bromwich is an exemplar of all that is good about the British tradition of academic accounting. Serious in intent, he has striven both to illuminate practice and to provide ways of improving it. Although always appealing to his economic understandings, he has been open to a wide variety of other ideas, recognizing their intellectual strengths and capabilities rather than making artificialRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagessocioeconomic circumstances and dynamics rather than standard but arbitrary chronological break points. In the decades that followed the Great War, the victorious European powers appeared to have restored, even expanded, their global political and economic preeminence only to see it eclipsed by the emergence of the Soviet and U.S. superpowers on their periphery and a second round of even more devastating global conflict. The bifurcated international system that resulted from the cold war standoffRead MoreUK - Analysis Report31935 Words   |  128 PagesCOUNTRY ANALYSIS REPORT United Kingdom In-depth PESTLE Insights Publication Date: May 2010 OVERVIEW Catalyst This profile analyzes the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental structure in the United Kingdom. Each of the PESTLE factors is explored on four parameters: current strengths, current challenges, future prospects and future risks. Summary Key findings Strong democratic system, but the threat from terrorism continues to be high The UK adheres to aRead MoreBrazil Culture17445 Words   |  70 PagesPATTERNS OF BRAZIL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A. Social Institutions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Historical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2. Geographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 3. Demographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 4. Political†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. Economic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 6. Religious†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 7. Linguistic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 8. Educational†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 9. Aesthetic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.24 B. Organizational Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. WorkRead MoreDecision Theory: a Brief Introduction28334 Words   |  114 Pageschoice. Another influential subdivision of the decision process was proposed by Brim et al. (1962, p. 9). They divided the decision process into the following five steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Identification of the problem Obtaining necessary information Production of possible solutions Evaluation of such solutions Selection of a strategy for performance (They also included a sixth stage, implementation of the decision.) The proposals by Dewey, Simon, and Brim et al are all sequential in the sense that

Rastafarian Symbolism In The Visual Arts Essay - 5414 Words

Rastafarian Symbolism In The Visual Arts Works Cited Missing [NOTE: BECAUSE OF CONCERN ABOUT RIGHTS, WE HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO POST THE IMAGES THIS ESSAY REFERS TO] Art has the power of liberating man from certain drudgeries and their way of life. A man who was born in the ghetto cant afford to be a Sunday painter, his whole life is involved in getting across his ideas; Rastafarianism, politics, Black culture and all that. Even our meeting here now is an artistic involvement. Some people do art with love here, politics there and so forth; now, to me art is one cosmic consciousness. The way you love, live, and even the way you hate: even your negative expressions connote a certain art-form. So I really do not separate my art from†¦show more content†¦The first Jamaican sculptor to be known internationally was Kapo, the famous Pukumina leader, whose works were all composed under religious inspiration (Barrett, 186). The birth of Rastafarianism created an important outlet for African-rooted artistic creativity, and the Rastafarian artists became the first ones to appear from a grassroots community. This incredible outburst of creativity is described by Barrett as follows:from the primitive paintings of Ras Dizzy to the superb etchings of Ras Daniel Heartman; from the rough sculpture of Ras Canute who works under the coconut tree in front of the Casa Montego in Montego Bay to the refined pieces in Joe James Gallery in front of the Holiday Inn at Rose Hall, St. James -Rastafarian and Rastafarian inspired art can be found everywhere.(Barrett, 186). During the 1960s, there was a rise in political awareness of the Rastafarians, along with an effort to aid them in the routinization of their movement with the rest of Jamaican society. This effort was instigated by the present Prime Minister, Edward Seaga, who was a noted anthropologist and sociologist. One of the results of this awareness was the participation of Rastafarians in the Jamaica National Festivals; in which many Rastas received medals for exceptional pieces of wood work (Barrett, 161). An example of a RastafarianShow MoreRelatedEssay On Body Art1302 Words   |  6 PagesBody Art as Visual Language 1. Body art is any kind of addition to ones appearance for aesthetic purposes. Body art is believed to be beautiful by the beings who wear it. When an individual decides to decorate their body, it becomes a part of their identity. Any unwanted alteration to an individual would not be considered body art. Those could be considered body markings. (Enid Schildkrout 2001:88) 2. A symbol is something that represents a complexity of associated meaning. An aspect of symbolismRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesworkers, and anyone of social importance could not grow locks, and families would go into mourning when their sons would start sprouting them. I heard the term â€Å"black heart man† used again and again as a means of expressing fear or ridicule of the Rastafarian. And this was in the early 1970s—after Bob Marleys emergence as an international viii FOREWORD star, after Selassies arrival in Jamaica, and after so much had been written about the importance of Rastafarianism. The problem was that

Formal Lab Report Free Essays

Douglas Mitchell Biology 111 Laboratory Report 18 FEB 2013 The Scientific Method Introduction In life, both human and animal, reaction time can mean the difference between life and death. Reaction time is defined as â€Å"the time it takes to react to a stimuli (Norman, 2011). † In humans, hand dominance (left-handed vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Formal Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now right-handed) can further impact this reaction time. In this case a simple study of reaction time and hand dominance is being used to illustrate the practical application of the scientific method in the laboratory. Observation Human reaction times vary person to person and often increase with age. This change in reaction time can have little impact on a person’s daily life, such as when answering a ringing telephone. But this change can also have a dramatic impact when driving, working in dangerous environments, and negotiating busy streets and sidewalks. Literature Search â€Å"Reaction time has been used as a psychological test since the mid-19th century (Deary, 1). † Several studies have been conducted dealing with reaction time and the factors that can affect it. In their study titled â€Å"Validation of reaction time as a measure of cognitive function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients†, Jakobsen, Sorensen, et al studied and reported findings regarding diminished reaction times and the effect that poor health had on those times. Findings were conclusive that the healthier the individual, the better their responses. Hypothesis Individual’s reaction time with their dominant hand is faster than those with their non-dominant hand. Conversely, there may be no statistically valid difference in the reaction time from one hand to the other. Experiment To test the variance in reaction time from dominant hand to non-dominant hand we set up an experiment using a simple reaction time test found in the free marketplace on an Android telephone. This application required the user to touch one of four colored stars that match the color of an identified star in the upper right hand corner. The subject was asked to repeat this response 20 times and the total time was scored as the reaction time. If a subject made an incorrect â€Å"touch† then their time would continue until the correctly touched 20 stars. The subject would then be ask to repeat this test with their non-dominant hand. To standardize the testing instructions were provided by my team mates and it was decided that the subject would place the device on a flat surface in front of them and use the index finger on first their dominant hand and then their non-dominant hand. Data was collected for 30 random subjects and analysis performed. Data Analysis Data collected from the 30 random subjects was input and the following summary statistics were produced. Dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (D)| | | 18. 865 sec. | Median Reaction Time (D)| | | 17. 264 sec. | Variance (D)| | | 28. 235 sec. | Standard Deviation (D)| | | 5. 314 sec. | Non-dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (N)| | | 17. 734 sec. | Median Reaction Time (N)| | 16. 412 sec. | Variance (N)| | | 16. 130 sec. | Standard Deviation (N)| | | 4. 016 sec. | The graphs below illustrate the mean for each hand as well as error with in plus or minus one standard deviation. Conclusion After conducting this experiment and reviewing the data, a few things became clear. One is that age of the subject had a significant impact on results with both hands. This is presumed to be the result of the interaction with a new technology. Younger subjects seemed to grasp the concept of what they were expected to do more quickly. Second, in this case, familiarity did not breed contempt, but it did breed faster reaction times. As subjects became more comfortable with the application they were using, their response times decreased. The later of these two factors had a more global effect on our outcomes, thus disproving our hypothesis in this case. I do not believe these results to be conclusive or authoritative and simply put, more research is needed. References Deary, I. J. , Liewald, D. Nissan, J. (2011) A free, easy-to-use, computer-based simple and four-choice reaction time programme: The dearly-liewald reaction time task. Behavior Research Methods (Online), 43(1), 258-268. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/920259801? accountid=39001 Jakobsen, L. H. , Sorensen, J. M. , Rask, I. K. , Jensen, B. S. , Kondrup, J. (2011). Validation of reaction time as a measure of cognitive function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients. Nutrition, 27(5), 561-570. Doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. nut. 2010. 08. 003 Norman, Celia (2011). General Biology 111: Laboratory Manual. Denver, CO: Department of Biology, Arapahoe Community College. How to cite Formal Lab Report, Essay examples

Risks of Offshore Outsourcing in IT

Question: Discuss about theRisks of Offshore Outsourcing in IT. Answer: Introduction: Offshore outsourcing has proved to be a danger to the profession of IT and there is need to enforce restriction to recover the viability of the operation. The onset of 21st century has witnessed the chaos brought about by recession in the economy. Conglomerates started outsourcing their IT operations from the very beginning of global financial crisis to recover their sinking ships due to market saturation (Chang and Gurbaxani 2012). The smaller companies have ever since started to follow their footsteps and have neither stopped and nor are showing any indication of stopping in the near future. This trans-global trend might have shown rapid success in the beginning but the scenario has changed drastically in the last decade (Tayauova 2012). Offshore outsourcing can be defined as the process of hiring a third party provider from foreign base to perform any business activity or operation (Dolgui and Proth 2013). Apart from IT services, other commonly outsourced business practices include delivery and distribution, human resource, procurement, marketing, finance and accounting and lastly the popular concept of customer care services. The idea of offshore outsourcing gained massive popularity due to its clear advantages that include elevated productivity, reduced expense and widespread target market (Chang and Gurbaxani 2012). Despite these striking benefits, there are a myriad of factors that influence successful operation of outsourcing and that can seriously outweigh the benefits of the outsourcing procedure (Dolgui and Proth 2013). This report discusses dangers associated with offshore outsourcing in the field of information technology and attempts to string together recommendations to overcome the risks. Dangers of IT Outsourcing: One of the most major issues in the IT industry is the problem of offshore outsourcing. This issue is a major one to the professionals as well as the economy of the country. With the rise of the IT professionals as well as the IT world, outsourcing has been increasing at a major rate in the recent past years. According to Koppman et al. (2016, p. 830), outsourcing mainly refers to the process of hiring external suppliers to do various tasks. Outsourcing had been started since the work was a lot and employees were few. However, with the advent of the new era in the IT, the process of outsourcing became a dangerous one for the professionals as well as the economy of the country. The various risks of outsourcing are as follows: Cost Reduction: As mentioned by Schniederjans et al. (2015, p.65), one of the main reasons of offshore outsourcing is the expectation of cost reduction. The IT companies engage in the process of off source outsourcing in the expectation that the production cost would be reduced. The outsourcing cost in reality does not reduce the cost of production in reality. Thus, the overall cost of the production is increased and this is a potential risk to the IT industry. This is a threat to the economy of the IT industry as the process of outsourcing increases the overall budget of the project. The process of offshore outsourcing does not achieve cost reduction. Instead, the cost is increased. Hence, this might prove to be dangerous for the employees as well as the economy. Security of the Data: The IT organizations have been dealing with confidential data and hence privacy plays an essential role. According to Kotlarsky et al. 2014, p.610), the clients of the IT companies also are particular about the privacy of data and the information being shared. Hence, the data security and protection of the data provided by the clients. Hence, offshore outsourcing might be a potential risk to the security of the data provided by the clients. Moreover, unreliable outsourcing might also lead to the misuse of the data of the client. The sensitive data could be misused resulting in the wrong use of the information. CMM Level 5: The Capability Maturity Model is another major issue in the adaptation of the offshore outsourcing. As opined by Mankiw and Swagel (2016, p.1029), the offshore vendors often require standardized models with CMM level 5. Many IT companies does not meet the CMM level 5 characteristics. Hence, offshore outsourcing becomes an overhead to align the business with the CMM level 5 in order to initial offshore outsourcing. Business Knowledge Loss: As opined by Wibisono et al. (2016, p.1781), in case of most of the IT companies, the business knowledge is usually confined within small groups of developers and programmers. Hence, offshore outsourcing might result in loss of business knowledge, thus hampering the professionals as well as the business of the IT companies. The loss of business knowledge could also result in the loss of the competitive advantage of the IT companies. Failure to Deliver: Offshore outsourcing in the IT Companies might result in the failure to deliver the products to the vendors. As mentioned by Djavanshir (2005, p.35), the outsourcing company might fail to meet the deadlines and hence, the products remain undelivered from the side of the IT Company. Thus, in a long term project, the goodwill of the IT Company is at stake, due to the failure in the delivery of the outsourced company. Unemployment: One of the major issues faced by the IT companies in case of offshore outsourcing is unemployment. Offshore outsourcing might also lead to unemployment of the employees. Offshore outsourcing of a huge amount of work might lead to ,unemployment of a huge number of local employees. This might have an adverse effect on the economy of the country as the majority of the money would be transferred to the offshore countries. The lack of job stability of the people of the IT industry might also lead the potential workers refraining from relying on the IT industry. Hence, the credibility of this industry might be lost. Demanding GovernmentLegislation: Information technology is a business operation that is utilized in each and every professional sector starting from finance to health and social care services. There are government legislations that impose a threat to the smooth operating business in financial and health or social care sectors (Gonzalez, Llopi and Gasco 2013). The burden of government oversight often interferes with the growth of the industry and offshore outsourcing increases the risk of government interference multiple folds. Different nations have different legislations and complying with all of them becomes a task for the organization. Often the offshore vendor is not aware of the regulations and requirements that meet the industry specific benchmark (Dolgui and Proth 2013). The underlying reason to this blunder is the fault of advisory team that negotiates the regulatory terms, often they fail to notify overseas vendor of the necessary terms and the company has face the consequences. Cultural Setbacks: Modern professional structure relies on team working to accomplish business operation involving multidisciplinary approach. Cultural differences can become a serious setback to the productivity and efficiency of the team (Han and Mithas 2013). The risk of cultural predicament becomes unavoidable in case of offshore outsourcing, language and accent being the vital element to it. The only method to overcome this issue is the cultural education programs that many conglomerates have taken up in order to eradicate such issues (Tayauova 2012). However, the major restriction to this strategy is the cost increase that might seem irrelevant to smaller industries. Instable Productivity: The majority of IT organizations face initial setbacks in their internal operations in the first couple of years as a result of the time spent in transferring technical and operational knowledge to the vendors (Gonzalez, Llopi and Gasco 2013). It has to be considered that the basic purpose of outsourcing was to reduce the company cost; however, the cost saved by offshore outsourcing is often countered by the additional expense of personnel layoffs demanded by the client organization. Layoffs are known to cause significant morality issues in the in-house employees and often lead to customer dissatisfaction and diminished productivity (Han and Mithas 2013). Inflated Turnover Rates: The global inflation in the rate of offshore outsourcing has resulted in a dynamic labor market and that has drastically heightened the turnover rates in the vendor markets. Higher turnover rates can have an adverse impact on the client organization by forcing it to elevate the time spent in training and transfer to new vendor locations (Tayauova 2012). Benefits: Despite having an alarming list of risks that can potentially weigh down the efficacy of the process, offshore outsourcing has some distinct advantages that cannot be overlooked Outsourcing Ensures Focused Core Performance: The back-office operations expand significantly as a business undergoes rapid growth periods and that can significantly consume both human and financial resources of a company. Outsourcing can allow the company an window in negligible cost which will facilitate the company to refocus on the core activities of the business (Ali and Gran 2012). Cost Saving: Offshore outsourcing has been designed to cut overboard expenses n the first place, and it continues to be the one of the major advantages for business organizations (Willcocks and Cullen 2013). Small-scale companies have started to incorporate offshore outsourcing to survive market demands on a low budget. Operational Control: Offshore outsourcing is an effective tool in reviving operational control when they go haywire in rapid growth seasons. It can serve as the ultimate aid in managing departments that might have evolved with poor management (Hirschheim, Heinzl and Dibbern 2013). For example, if an IT department has more projects than it can handle with lack of man-power and budget the company cannot meet the needs of the clients regardless of the optimum contribution of the staff (Ali and Gran 2012). An outsourcing agreement can serve as an excellent alternative that can allow the management to prioritize core functions and bring operational control back in the scenario. Risk Management: It is ironical that a venture as saturated with risks as outsourcing can aid in risk management, there are risks that even outsourcing can eliminate (Hirschheim, Heinzl and Dibbern 2013). Elevated employee turnover rate can add lack of certainty and consistency in the business operations and IT outsourcing can significantly reduce the employee turnover rate, which will aid in reviving continuity in the business. The dangers to IT outsourcing might have clouded the future of information technology in the market now but the benefits to the system are irresistible. With some strategic and well-planned recommendation, this golden goose can be optimally utilized. Conclusion: Finally, it could be concluded that the offshore outsourcing has various advantages as well as disadvantages in the IT industry. However as seen from the above issues, it is seen that major outsourcing might result in loss of employment of the people, failure to deliver on time, CMM level 5 non-compliance, loss of business knowledge. However, if offshore outsourcing could be applied tactfully, it might result increase of the efficiency of the IT industry as well as the quality of the work being produced by the IT industry. Hence, instead of tagging offshore outsourcing as dangerous, it could be used efficiently to enhance the work of the IT industry. Recommendations: Offshore outsourcing is an essential and important activity in the IT industry. However, due to its negative effects it has been considered as dangerous. According to Ahmed et al. (2014, p.280), few recommendations could be suggested such that the offshore outsourcing could be used in an effective way, without hampering the employers as well as the economy. The offshore outsourcing could be done for some of the tasks and projects such that the loss of business knowledge could be avoided. Moreover, as mentioned by Teo and Bhattacherjee (2014, p.180). the issue of failure to deliver on time could also be solved by giving the tasks with a prolonged deadline for offshore outsourcing. Moreover, the issue of unemployment of the local people due to the offshore outsourcing could be solved by outsourcing limited amount of jobs that would not result in unemployment. Moreover, as mentioned by Kumar, et al. (2014, p.102), the issue of data security could be solved by giving less important jobs for offshore outsourcing. Thus following these few recommendations might result in the efficient use of the process of offshore outsourcing. Moreover, the IT industry could also use the method of offshore outsourcing to smaller companies, such that the fear of loss of business knowledge and loss of competitive advantage is not faced. 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